Actually it's a loopback connection:
PuTTY Serial connect to Bluetooth Outgoing port -> (Bluetooth) -> HC-06 -> FT232RL -> (USB) -> Arduino IDE Serial Monitot.
This video show how to pair HC-06 on Windows 10, and try the loopback test.
Related:
- Raspberry Pi Bluetooth Serial Terminal, using HC-06 Bluetooth Module, connect from Windows 10 with Bluetooth, using PuTTY.